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Previously Diagnosed HIV-Positive Persons: The Role of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Funded HIV Testing

Puja Seth1, Guoshen Wang, Lisa Belcher

  • 1From the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases
|February 22, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Nearly half of HIV-positive tests are among previously diagnosed individuals. Many require re-engagement into HIV care, highlighting the need to address linkage and retention barriers for this population.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • HIV/AIDS Research

Background:

  • Increased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing has led to retesting of previously diagnosed individuals.
  • This study evaluates Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-funded HIV testing programs.
  • Focus is on how these programs address the needs of previously diagnosed persons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine CDC-funded HIV testing programs.
  • To assess the needs of previously diagnosed persons.
  • To evaluate linkage to care for previously diagnosed HIV-positive individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of demographic and test setting data for previously diagnosed HIV-positive persons in 2015.
  • Examination of CDC-funded HIV testing, HIV positivity, current care status, and linkage to care.
  • Assessment of trends in HIV positivity and previously diagnosed HIV-positivity from 2011 to 2015.

Main Results:

  • In 2015, 48.8% of HIV-positive tests (13,528) were among previously diagnosed persons.
  • Only 11.6% of previously diagnosed persons were already in HIV care.
  • 62.1% of previously diagnosed persons were linked to care within 90 days (excluding those already in care).
  • The proportion of previously diagnosed persons among all HIV-positive tests increased from 25.9% in 2011 to 34.1% in 2015 (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of HIV-positive tests involve previously diagnosed individuals, with a low percentage currently in care.
  • Linkage to care is crucial for previously diagnosed persons, whether they were never linked or need re-engagement.
  • Barriers to linkage and retention in care for this population require focused attention and intervention.
Abstract

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