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Related Concept Videos

Schemas01:42

Schemas

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A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
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[Calcific uremic arteriolopathy (calciphylaxis)  : update in 2018].

Cyrielle Alves1, Thomas Ernandez1, Catherine Stoermann Chopard1

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Calciphylaxis, a rare condition often seen in renal failure patients, presents diagnostic challenges. Early recognition of skin signs is crucial for timely treatment and improved outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Calciphylaxis is a rare, severe systemic disease.
  • It predominantly affects patients with end-stage renal disease.
  • The condition has a high mortality rate and poses diagnostic difficulties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of recognizing cutaneous signs of calciphylaxis.
  • To discuss diagnostic challenges and differential diagnoses.
  • To outline current treatment strategies and supportive care.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria for calciphylaxis.
  • Discussion of histopathological findings from skin biopsies.
  • Analysis of treatment modalities including medical and supportive care.

Main Results:

  • Cutaneous signs are key indicators for diagnosis, though skin biopsy, the gold standard, carries risks.
  • Differential diagnoses include vasculitis, warfarin-induced skin necrosis, and infectious processes.
  • Effective management requires a multidisciplinary approach.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification of skin manifestations is critical for initiating prompt and appropriate medical interventions.
  • Comprehensive treatment involves pain management, wound care, dialysis, sodium thiosulfate, and metabolic control.
  • Palliative care is essential for patients with refractory disease.