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The association between community-associated Staphylococcus aureus colonization and disease: a meta-analysis
Marina W Kim1, Ben K Greenfield2, Robert E Snyder1
1School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
BMC Infectious Diseases
|February 23, 2018
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus colonization increases the risk of disease in the community. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization showed a significantly higher risk compared to methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA).
Area of Science:
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Staphylococcus aureus colonization is a known risk factor for hospital-acquired infections.
- The role of Staphylococcus aureus colonization as a risk factor for disease in the community remains under-investigated.
- This study aimed to assess the generalizability of Staphylococcus aureus colonization as a risk factor in the community setting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate Staphylococcus aureus colonization as a risk factor for disease in the general community.
- To synthesize existing evidence through a meta-analysis of observational studies.
- To compare the risk associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) colonization.
Main Methods:
- A systematic meta-analysis of observational studies was conducted, searching PubMed for relevant literature published between 1979 and 2016.
- Included studies reported quantitative estimates of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and disease status.
- Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) for disease risk among colonized individuals.
Main Results:
- Twelve studies involving 6998 subjects met the eligibility criteria.
- Overall, Staphylococcus aureus colonization was associated with an increased risk of disease (OR 1.87).
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization demonstrated a significantly higher risk (OR 7.06), while methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) colonization did not show a significant association (OR 1.20).
- Marked heterogeneity was observed across all study subgroups.
Conclusions:
- While evidence suggests Staphylococcus aureus colonization is a risk factor for disease in the general population, significant heterogeneity exists between studies.
- Further research is needed to identify sources of variance and understand colonization's role in community disease prevention.
- There is a notable gap in the literature concerning Staphylococcus aureus colonization in community settings.
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