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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma
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Small airways dysfunction: the link between allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma.

Amaryllis Haccuria1, Alain Van Muylem2, Andrei Malinovschi3

  • 1Chest Dept, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

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|February 23, 2018
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Summary

Allergic rhinitis patients exhibit peripheral airway dysfunction and nitric oxide (NO) overproduction, similar to asthma. These findings suggest NO originates in the small airways for allergic rhinitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Asthma is characterized by abnormal airway reactivity and nitric oxide (NO) overproduction in small airways.
  • The "one airway, one disease" concept suggests similar dysfunctions may occur in allergic rhinitis (AR).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate peripheral airway reactivity and NO overproduction in the distal airways of AR patients.
  • To determine if AR shares small airway dysfunction with asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Measured exhaled NO fraction (FeNO) and single-breath washout test (SBWT) parameters (helium and sulfur hexafluoride) in asthma, AR, and control groups.
  • Utilized SBWT, sensitive to peripheral airway caliber changes, before and after sputum induction.

Main Results:

  • FeNO decreased significantly more in asthma and AR groups compared to controls.
  • SBWT results indicated peripheral airway dysfunction in AR patients, with changes in helium washout (ΔShe) exceeding sulfur hexafluoride (ΔSsf), similar to asthma.
  • A significant portion of elevated NO in AR appears to originate from peripheral airways.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with allergic rhinitis demonstrate peripheral airway dysfunction comparable to asthma.
  • Increased nitric oxide production in allergic rhinitis is largely attributed to peripheral airway involvement.