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Exercise-Mediated Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus via BDNF
Patrick Z Liu1, Robin Nusslock1
1Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States.
Frontiers in Neuroscience
|February 23, 2018
Summary
Regular exercise enhances brain health and memory by promoting new neuron growth in the hippocampus, a process significantly influenced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). This review explores exercise, BDNF, and neurogenesis in humans and rodents.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Exercise Physiology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Exercise offers significant neuroprotective and cognitive benefits, particularly for memory and learning.
- Hippocampal neurogenesis, the generation of new neurons in the hippocampus, is a key mechanism linking exercise to cognitive function.
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a critical molecule regulating neurogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on the relationship between exercise and hippocampal neurogenesis.
- To identify the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in mediating this process.
- To discuss the cognitive benefits of exercise-mediated neurogenesis in humans and rodents.
Main Methods:
- Literature synthesis of studies on exercise, hippocampal neurogenesis, and BDNF.
- Comparison of findings in rodent models versus human studies.
- Discussion of limitations and future research directions in human neurogenesis.
Main Results:
- Exercise stimulates hippocampal neurogenesis, enhancing cognitive functions like memory and learning.
- BDNF plays a crucial role in regulating neurogenesis, including neuronal differentiation and survival.
- While well-established in rodents, the direct impact of BDNF on human hippocampal neurogenesis requires further investigation.
Conclusions:
- Exercise positively influences hippocampal neurogenesis, with BDNF as a key mediator.
- Understanding BDNF's role in human neurogenesis is vital for developing interventions for cognitive decline.
- Future research should explore indirect measures and genetic factors (e.g., BDNF gene polymorphisms) in humans.
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