Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Open and closed-loop control systems01:17

Open and closed-loop control systems

1.8K
Control systems are foundational elements in automation and engineering. They are broadly categorized into open-loop and closed-loop systems. These classifications hinge on the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms, significantly influencing the system's performance, complexity, and application.
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal...
1.8K
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

962
Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
962
Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

1.5K
Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
1.5K
Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

1.6K
Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
1.6K
Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

593
Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
593
System of Memory01:23

System of Memory

7.5K
Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
7.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Consumer sleep technologies: what we know and what comes next.

Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society·2026
Same author

Arousal contribution on valence-driven affective modulations of time perception.

Physiology & behavior·2026
Same author

Null hypothesis significance testing vs. Bayesian inference using generalized linear mixed models with binary outcomes: a case study under practical design constraints.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same author

From expectation to strain: how pregnancy time perspective shapes postpartum stress in Poland and Italy.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Classifying Sleep Slow Oscillations in Low Density EEG.

Neuroinformatics·2026
Same author

A user's introduction to an algorithmic method to identify space-time profiles of sleep slow oscillations: dataset constraints, case-use examples, and open-source code.

Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society·2026
Same journal

Role of AQP4 in ameliorating heat stress-induced cellular injury in a cell line model through active heat acclimation.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Correction: Cognitive state monitoring for neuroadaptive information visualization.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2026
Same journal

The synthetic self-hypothesis: dopaminergic redirection through self-face recognition in stuttering therapy.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2026
Same journal

A randomised, placebo-controlled, triple-blind clinical trial to investigate the efficacy of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> extract EGb 761<sup>®</sup> in cognitive impairment associated with post COVID-19 syndrome-the EGb COCOS protocol.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Examining the independent and combined effects of autistic and ADHD traits on multisensory integration.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Prediction of hormone receptor status in breast cancer brain metastases using an MRI-based multimodal deep learning framework.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Effects of Mind-Body-Movement Practices on Brain Function
06:17

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Effects of Mind-Body-Movement Practices on Brain Function

Published on: January 26, 2024

2.7K

Closed-Loop Targeted Memory Reactivation during Sleep Improves Spatial Navigation.

Renee E Shimizu1, Patrick M Connolly1, Nicola Cellini2,3

  • 1Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, Durham, NC, United States.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|February 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Targeted auditory stimulation during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep enhances memory recall for complex navigation tasks. This sleep-based intervention improves real-world task efficiency by strengthening memory consolidation.

Keywords:
closed-loopnavigationsleepslow oscillationslow wave sleepspatial memoryspindlestargeted memory reactivation

More Related Videos

Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles
08:44

Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles

Published on: January 3, 2017

8.0K
The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

11.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Effects of Mind-Body-Movement Practices on Brain Function
06:17

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Effects of Mind-Body-Movement Practices on Brain Function

Published on: January 26, 2024

2.7K
Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles
08:44

Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles

Published on: January 3, 2017

8.0K
The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

11.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Science
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Sound cues linked to new information can improve memory recall during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, particularly in simple tasks.
  • Memory consolidation during sleep is thought to involve the reactivation of newly learned information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and test an electroencephalogram (EEG)-based closed-loop system for precise sensory stimulation during NREM sleep.
  • To investigate the impact of targeted sleep stimulation on performance in a realistic virtual reality navigation task.

Main Methods:

  • An EEG-based closed-loop system was developed to deliver auditory stimulation at specific sleep transition points (down-state to up-state).
  • Participants engaged in a virtual reality navigation task, followed by a sleep period with targeted stimulation.
  • EEG spectral power, particularly in the sleep spindle band (12-15 Hz), was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Targeted auditory stimulation during NREM sleep significantly improved navigation efficiency after sleep.
  • Improved performance was correlated with increased spectral power in the fast sleep spindle band (12-15 Hz).
  • The findings suggest a mechanism for memory reactivation and consolidation during sleep.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep-based interventions utilizing precise sensory stimulation show promise for enhancing performance in complex, real-world tasks.
  • Targeted stimulation during specific sleep states can facilitate memory consolidation and improve cognitive function.
  • This technology offers a potential avenue for improving learning and memory outside of laboratory settings.