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Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Adhesion01:14

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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
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The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
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Adhesion GPCRs in Kidney Development and Disease.

Salvador Cazorla-Vázquez1, Felix B Engel1

  • 1Department of Nephropathology, Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|February 23, 2018
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Summary

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) are promising therapeutic targets for kidney diseases. Their altered expression is linked to chronic kidney disease and kidney cancer, suggesting potential as diagnostic markers.

Keywords:
adhesion G protein-coupled receptorchronic kidney diseasediabetic nephropathykidneylupus nephritisrenal cell carcinoma

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney cancer are significant global health burdens with limited effective therapies.
  • G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a successful drug target class, with adhesion GPCRs (aGPCRs) gaining attention due to their widespread expression and roles in cellular processes.
  • aGPCRs regulate critical functions in kidney development and disease, and polycystin-1, a kidney disease regulator, shares a domain with aGPCRs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the potential of aGPCRs as therapeutic targets for kidney diseases.
  • To investigate the role of aGPCRs in kidney development and disease pathogenesis.
  • To identify potential diagnostic markers for kidney pathologies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on aGPCRs and kidney disease.
  • Analysis of data from multiple databases including The Human Protein Atlas, EURExpress, Nephroseq, FireBrowse, cBioPortal, and NCIGDC.
  • Examination of spatio-temporal expression patterns of aGPCRs during kidney development.

Main Results:

  • Most aGPCRs exhibit distinct spatio-temporal expression patterns during kidney development.
  • Altered expression of aGPCRs is associated with various kidney diseases, including CKD, diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and renal cell carcinoma.
  • aGPCRs are implicated in cellular processes vital for kidney development and disease.

Conclusions:

  • aGPCRs represent a promising new class of therapeutic targets for kidney diseases.
  • aGPCRs may serve as valuable diagnostic markers for kidney pathologies.
  • Further research into aGPCRs could lead to novel treatments for kidney dysfunction and cancer.