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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

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Orthotopic Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer
Published on: December 4, 2007
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In vitro and in vivo Limiting Dilution Assay for Colorectal Cancer
1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Bio-Protocol
|February 23, 2018
Summary
Limiting dilution assays (LDAs) measure colorectal cancer initiating cell (CC-IC) frequency. These assays evaluate treatment effects on CC-IC frequency in vitro and in vivo.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cell Biology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Colorectal cancer initiating cells (CC-ICs) drive tumor growth.
- Quantifying CC-IC frequency is crucial for understanding cancer biology and treatment response.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the application of in vitro and in vivo limiting dilution assays (LDAs).
- To highlight the utility of LDAs in assessing colorectal cancer initiating cell frequency.
- To demonstrate the use of LDAs for evaluating treatment or genetic modification effects on CC-ICs.
Main Methods:
- In vitro LDA: Assesses CC-IC frequency in enriched suspension cultures using serum-free media.
- In vivo LDA: Determines CC-IC frequency in primary tumors or cell lines via immunocompromised murine xenografts.
Main Results:
- LDAs provide a quantitative measure of CC-IC frequency.
- These assays are adaptable for evaluating therapeutic interventions or genetic alterations.
Conclusions:
- Limiting dilution assays are valuable tools for quantifying colorectal cancer initiating cells.
- LDAs enable the assessment of treatment efficacy on cancer stem cell populations.
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