Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Effects of Temperature on Free Energy02:11

Effects of Temperature on Free Energy

28.5K
The spontaneity of a process depends upon the temperature of the system. Phase transitions, for example, will proceed spontaneously in one direction or the other depending upon the temperature of the substance in question. Likewise, some chemical reactions can also exhibit temperature-dependent spontaneities. To illustrate this concept, the equation relating free energy change to the enthalpy and entropy changes for the process is considered:
28.5K
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

939
Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
939
Combined Effects of Drugs: Antagonism01:30

Combined Effects of Drugs: Antagonism

11.8K
The combined effects of drugs can result in various interactions, of which an important type is antagonism. Antagonism is a mechanism where one drug inhibits or counteracts the effects of another drug. Antagonism can occur through various means, including receptor binding, allosteric modulation, functional interaction, chemical reactions, and pharmacokinetic processes.
The most common type is receptor antagonism, where one drug acts as an antagonist to block the effects of another drug by...
11.8K
Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects

860
Antipsychotic drugs primarily block dopamine and serotonin receptors and cholinergic, adrenergic, and histaminergic receptors, thereby reducing hallucinations and delusions in conditions like schizophrenia. However, they can trigger unwanted extrapyramidal effects such as dystonias, Parkinson-like symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia.
Despite these side effects, antipsychotics are used therapeutically for various purposes, including managing schizophrenia, preventing nausea and vomiting, curbing...
860
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

7.0K
Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
7.0K
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area01:23

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area

1.7K
Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Formulation of amorphous solid dispersion of clofazimine, an extremely water-insoluble basic drug, via hot-melt extrusion by applying acid-base supersolubilization principle.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Establishing experimental parameters for biphasic transfer in vitro lipolysis model.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Toward animal-free approaches in subcutaneous drug delivery: A pain management case study.

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society·2026
Same author

Deep eutectic systems as enabling pharmaceutical formulations: mechanisms and applications.

European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences·2026
Same author

Physiologically controlled release from an in situ forming liposomal depot.

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society·2026
Same author

High-throughput screening of amorphous solid dispersions: a systematic approach to enhance bioaccessibility of a poorly soluble drug.

European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

A Computerized Test Battery to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects on the Central Nervous System of Cholinergic Drugs in Early Phase Drug Development
07:02

A Computerized Test Battery to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects on the Central Nervous System of Cholinergic Drugs in Early Phase Drug Development

Published on: February 11, 2019

10.3K

Temperature-Induced Surface Effects on Drug Nanosuspensions.

Simone Aleandri1, Monica Schönenberger2, Andres Niederquell1

  • 1Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences Northwest, Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, Basel, Switzerland.

Pharmaceutical Research
|February 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Surface changes in drug nanosuspensions at 37°C affected bezafibrate dissolution but not fenofibrate. Understanding these surface phenomena is key for developing quality pharmaceutical nanosuspensions.

Keywords:
atomic force microscopynanosuspensionsurface characterizationsurface dissolutionwet-milling

More Related Videos

Quantifying Bacterial Surface Swarming Motility on Inducer Gradient Plates
05:57

Quantifying Bacterial Surface Swarming Motility on Inducer Gradient Plates

Published on: January 5, 2022

4.3K
Preparation and High-temperature Anti-adhesion Behavior of a Slippery Surface on Stainless Steel
10:52

Preparation and High-temperature Anti-adhesion Behavior of a Slippery Surface on Stainless Steel

Published on: March 29, 2018

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

A Computerized Test Battery to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects on the Central Nervous System of Cholinergic Drugs in Early Phase Drug Development
07:02

A Computerized Test Battery to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects on the Central Nervous System of Cholinergic Drugs in Early Phase Drug Development

Published on: February 11, 2019

10.3K
Quantifying Bacterial Surface Swarming Motility on Inducer Gradient Plates
05:57

Quantifying Bacterial Surface Swarming Motility on Inducer Gradient Plates

Published on: January 5, 2022

4.3K
Preparation and High-temperature Anti-adhesion Behavior of a Slippery Surface on Stainless Steel
10:52

Preparation and High-temperature Anti-adhesion Behavior of a Slippery Surface on Stainless Steel

Published on: March 29, 2018

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Traditional pharmaceutical development of nanosuspensions relies heavily on trial-and-error and bulk dispersion stability analysis.
  • Surface characteristics of nanoparticles, crucial for drug performance, are often overlooked in nanosuspension development.
  • Investigating temperature-dependent surface changes is vital for understanding drug behavior in nanosuspensions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate temperature-induced surface modifications in drug nanosuspensions.
  • To assess the impact of these surface changes on drug dissolution rates.
  • To explore the utility of complementary surface analytical techniques in pharmaceutical nanosuspension research.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized atomic force microscopy, inverse gas chromatography, and UV surface dissolution imaging.
  • Analyzed pharmaceutical nanosuspensions prepared via wet milling.
  • Employed fenofibrate and bezafibrate as model drugs with anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and steric (hydroxypropyl cellulose) stabilizers.

Main Results:

  • Observed surface modification in bezafibrate nanosuspensions at 37°C compared to 25°C.
  • This temperature-induced surface change significantly impacted the dissolution rate of bezafibrate.
  • Fenofibrate nanoparticles did not exhibit similar temperature-dependent surface modifications or dissolution rate changes.

Conclusions:

  • Combined surface analytical methods enhance understanding of drug surface phenomena in nanosuspensions.
  • Surface modifications can influence critical quality attributes like dissolution rate.
  • This approach aids in developing robust pharmaceutical nanosuspensions with predictable performance.