Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Robot-assisted Total Mesorectal Excision and Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for Locally Advanced Middle-low Rectal Cancer
Published on: February 12, 2022
Additional lymph node dissection for primary colorectal cancer invading another colon region
Ryuma Tokunaga1, Yasuo Sakamoto1, Shigeki Nakagawa1
1Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
Purpose:
Surgery remains the curative treatment of choice for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, to our knowledge, no report has addressed the usefulness of additional regional lymph node dissection for primary CRC that has invaded another colon region.
Methods:
We reviewed the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of eight patients who underwent surgery between March, 2005 and August, 2014, for CRC that invaded another region of the colon.
Results:
Five patients underwent additional regional lymph node dissection in the area of the invaded colon and one patient had lymph node metastasis in the region. Two of three patients who did not undergo additional regional lymph node dissection were found to have regional lymph node recurrences in the area during the follow-up period. Although there was no statistical correlation between extra-regional lymph node metastasis and clinicopathological or operative factors, the patients with extra-regional lymph node metastasis or recurrence had primary regional lymph node metastasis.
Conclusion:
For curative intent, surgeons may need to perform additional regional lymph node dissection for primary CRC invading another colon region.
Related Concept Videos
Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...
The Colonization of Land
Conjugate Addition (1,4-Addition) vs Direct Addition (1,2-Addition)
Conjugate addition results in a thermodynamically stable product. The reaction retains the stronger C=O bond at the expense of the weaker C=C π bond. The process is slow as the β carbon is less electrophilic than the carbonyl carbon.
Direct addition products are...
Additional Subnuclear Structures
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles,...
Additional Subnuclear Structures
Conjugate Addition of Enolates: Michael Addition

