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Immune complex glomerulopathy in a child with food hypersensitivity
Kidney International
|October 1, 1986
Summary
This study shows that immune complex glomerulonephritis can occur with eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Dietary changes and medication successfully treated the patient's kidney disease and gastrointestinal issues.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) is a rare disorder characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Food hypersensitivity is often implicated in EG, but its role in associated renal disease is less understood.
Observation:
- A patient with EG and food hypersensitivity developed nephrotic syndrome, potentially triggered by an allergen injection.
- Elevated circulating immune complexes (CIC) containing kappa-casein and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were detected, along with high serum BSA antibody titers.
- Renal biopsy confirmed immune complex glomerulonephritis with deposition of BSA, immunoglobulins, and complement.
Findings:
- Strict dietary limitation of identified food antigens (BSA, beef, pork) and prednisone therapy led to decreased CIC levels and serum BSA antibody titers.
- The patient experienced symptomatic relief, improved nephritis, and catch-up growth.
Implications:
- This case highlights the link between food hypersensitivity, EG, and immune complex glomerulonephritis.
- Identifying and eliminating specific food antigens is crucial for managing associated gastrointestinal and renal manifestations.
- Dietary intervention can lead to significant clinical improvement and resolution of renal disease in susceptible individuals.