IL-10 Promoter -592 Polymorphism may Influence Susceptibility to HIV Infection in South Indian Population

Area of Science:

• Immunogenetics
• Molecular Epidemiology

Background:

• Genetic factors significantly influence disease susceptibility and protection.
• Cytokine gene polymorphisms can alter cytokine production, impacting disease progression in HIV and TB.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the role of IL-10 -592 (C/A) and TGF-β -509 (C/T) promoter polymorphisms in HIV and TB susceptibility in a South Indian population.

Main Methods:

• Genomic DNA was extracted from healthy controls, pulmonary tuberculosis patients (n=122), and HIV-positive individuals (n=100).
• Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

Main Results:

• The IL-10 -592 'A' allele (CA or AA genotypes) was significantly associated with increased HIV susceptibility under a dominant model (OR: 1.88; p=0.030).
• No significant association was found between IL-10 -592 or TGF-β -509 polymorphisms and TB susceptibility.
• TGF-β -509 polymorphism showed no association with either HIV or TB.
• A trend indicated higher HIV risk in females with the IL-10 -592 'AA' genotype.

Conclusions:

• The IL-10 -592 'AA' genotype is associated with HIV susceptibility in the South Indian population.
• Larger sample sizes are required to validate these findings.