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Related Concept Videos

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

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In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
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The microscopic anatomy of the liver is a complex and intricate system that comprises numerous structural units known as liver lobules, each of which is comparable in size to a sesame seed. These hexagonal structures consist of plates of liver cells or hepatocytes, which are characterized by their versatility and abundance of cellular apparatus like rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, and mitochondria.
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The liver, an essential organ in the human body, performs over 200 vital functions that can be broadly categorized into metabolic, hematological, endocrine regulation, and bile production.
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The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
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Gross Anatomy of the Liver01:17

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The liver, the largest gland within the human body, is a firm and reddish-brown organ. This wedge-shaped structure weighs approximately 1.5 kg and occupies a significant portion of the right hypochondriac and epigastric regions. It extends more to the right of the body's midline than to the left.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Analysis of Liver Microenvironment During Early Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Zebrafish
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Analysis of Liver Microenvironment During Early Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Zebrafish

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Viscoelastic Testing in Liver Disease.

Jessica P E Davis1, Patrick G Northup1, Stephen H Caldwell1

  • 1University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Center for the Study of Coagulation in Liver Disease.

Annals of Hepatology
|February 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cirrhosis patients have rebalanced coagulation, not just hypocoagulability. Viscoelastic testing (VET) offers a global hemostasis assessment, potentially improving risk stratification and transfusion strategies in cirrhosis care.

Keywords:
Coagulation. Cirrhosis. Thrombosis. Liver transplantation. Transfusion medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Hematology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Cirrhosis alters coagulation, decreasing both pro- and anti-coagulant factors, challenging traditional hemostasis assessment.
  • Conventional tests like PT/INR inadequately reflect the complex hemostatic balance in cirrhosis patients, impacting bleeding/clotting risk evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the utility of viscoelastic testing (VET) as a global hemostasis assay in cirrhosis.
  • To assess VET's application and interpretation in transplant and non-transplant cirrhosis populations.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of VET technique and interpretation for commercially available assays.
  • Review of existing literature on VET in cirrhosis, including transplant and decompensated patients.

Main Results:

  • VET generally correlates with platelet count and fibrinogen but may be less accurate with low fibrinogen.
  • VET shows potential in identifying post-transplant hypercoagulable risks and reflects hemostatic changes in decompensated cirrhosis.
  • Studies suggest VET is associated with reduced transfusion support, hinting at a "rescue" over prophylactic transfusion approach.

Conclusions:

  • VET provides a comprehensive hemostasis assessment in cirrhosis, complementing traditional tests.
  • A "rescue" transfusion strategy, guided by VET, may be more appropriate than prophylactic measures.
  • Further prospective studies with clinically relevant bleeding and thrombosis endpoints are needed to validate VET's role.