Herpes zoster ophthalmicus with associated vasculopathy causing stroke

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Neurology
• Dermatology

Background:

• Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and establishes latency in nervous system ganglia.
• VZV reactivation can lead to diverse neurological and dermal complications.
• Emerging evidence links VZV to an increased risk of stroke.

Observation:

• A case study of a previously healthy individual experiencing VZV reactivation.
• The patient presented with herpes zoster ophthalmicus and multifocal vasculopathy.
• Herpes zoster ophthalmicus involves a characteristic dermatomal vesicular eruption.

Findings:

• VZV reactivation was identified as the cause of severe multifocal vasculopathy.
• The ophthalmicus presentation highlights the virus's neurological impact.
• The study underscores the link between VZV and cerebrovascular events.

Implications:

• Dermatologists must recognize VZV's dermatomal eruptions for timely diagnosis.
• Prompt diagnosis of VZV-related vasculopathy can improve patient outcomes.
• Increased awareness of VZV as a stroke risk factor is crucial for clinicians.