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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Guidelines for Writing Outcome01:11

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When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...
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Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

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The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Genome Writing: Current Progress and Related Applications.

Yueqiang Wang1, Yue Shen2, Ying Gu2

  • 1BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Innovative Molecular Diagnostics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, Shenzhen 518120, China.

Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics
|February 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synthetic biology aims to create custom organisms using synthetic genomes. This review covers genome synthesis, editing techniques, and applications, highlighting progress and future directions in artificial genome development.

Keywords:
BioethicsBiosafetyGenome editingGenome writingSynthetic biology

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic biology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Synthetic biology seeks to engineer custom cells for industrial and medical applications.
  • The synthetic genome is central to creating these engineered organisms.
  • Advanced genomic writing technologies are crucial for artificial genome construction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review techniques for de novo genome synthesis and genome editing.
  • To summarize recent advancements in synthetic genome research.
  • To highlight applications and discuss future prospects in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on genome synthesis and editing.
  • Analysis of recent research progress in synthetic genomics.
  • Identification of key applications and challenges.

Main Results:

  • The partially-completed synthetic yeast genome project is a significant milestone.
  • Various techniques for de novo genome synthesis and editing are available.
  • Numerous applications of synthetic genomes are emerging.

Conclusions:

  • Synthetic genome development is rapidly advancing.
  • Continued innovation in genomic writing technologies is essential.
  • The field holds significant potential for industrial and medical breakthroughs.