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    A novel dual-channel simultaneous spatial and temporal polarization (DC-SSTP) system enables rapid and accurate phase retrieval in interferometry. This method overcomes limitations of fringe number and shape, achieving high precision with a single phase-shifting step.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Interferometry
    • Phase Measurement

    Background:

    • Traditional phase-shifting interferometry often requires multiple phase shifts and is sensitive to fringe characteristics.
    • Limitations in fringe number and shape can hinder accurate phase retrieval in existing systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a dual-channel simultaneous spatial and temporal polarization (DC-SSTP) phase-shifting interferometry system.
    • To achieve rapid and accurate phase retrieval with a single phase-shifting procedure and unknown phase shifts.

    Main Methods:

    • Introducing arbitrary phase shifts simultaneously into two channels using a spatial light modulator (SLM).
    • Performing subtraction between phase-shifting interferograms within the same channel for background deduction.
    • Utilizing the DC-SSTP system for phase retrieval even with fewer than one fringe.

    Main Results:

    • The DC-SSTP method allows for rapid and accurate phase retrieval.
    • Background deduction is simplified through the subtraction operation.
    • High accuracy in phase retrieval is maintained even with minimal fringe numbers.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed DC-SSTP method offers a robust solution for phase measurement.
    • Simulation and experimental results validate the system's outstanding performance.
    • This technique enhances the capabilities of phase-shifting interferometry.