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Alternative Method of Removing Otoliths from Sturgeon
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Radial spoke proteins regulate otolith formation during early zebrafish development.

Xiao Han1, Haibo Xie1, Yadong Wang1

  • 1Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
|February 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Radial spoke proteins are crucial for motile cilia in zebrafish otic vesicles, regulating otolith formation. Their unique circular beating pattern is essential for early embryonic ear development.

Keywords:
cilialrrc23otic vesiclersph3rsph4a

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Radial spokes are conserved structures vital for 9+2 motile cilia function.
  • Mutations in radial spoke proteins cause ciliary defects in Chlamydomonas.
  • The role of radial spoke proteins in embryonic development remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the function of leucine-rich repeat containing protein 23 (Lrrc23), a novel radial spoke protein, in zebrafish embryonic development.
  • Determine the specific role of radial spoke proteins in otolith formation and otic vesicle (OV) ciliary motility.

Main Methods:

  • Generated zebrafish mutants for lrrc23, rsph3, and rsph4a.
  • Utilized high-speed video microscopy to analyze ciliary motility in the OV.
  • Examined otolith formation during early zebrafish embryogenesis.

Main Results:

  • lrrc23 mutations caused selective otolith formation defects, similar to rsph3 and rsph4a mutants.
  • Radial spoke protein mutations specifically impaired ciliary motility within the OV, not in other organs.
  • OV motile cilia exhibited stochastic, transient formation and unique circular beating patterns.
  • Conserved function of radial spoke proteins observed between zebrafish and Tetrahymena.

Conclusions:

  • Radial spoke proteins are essential for OV ciliary motility and subsequent otolith formation in zebrafish embryos.
  • OV motile cilia represent a unique ciliary subtype with distinct functional characteristics during early development.
  • The study highlights conserved roles of radial spoke proteins in embryonic development across species.