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Connexin 30 controls astroglial polarization during postnatal brain development.

Grégory Ghézali1,2, Charles-Félix Calvo1, Laure-Elise Pillet1,3

  • 1Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, CNRS UMR 7241, INSERM U1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|February 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Connexin 30 controls astrocyte polarity during development. This protein regulates cell protrusion orientation independently of gap junctions, impacting cell migration and maturation.

Keywords:
AstrocytesConnexinDevelopmentHippocampusMousePolarity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Astrocytes exhibit significant morphological changes during development, transitioning to polarized, highly branched cells.
  • Connexin 30, a gap-junction protein, is expressed postnatally and influences astroglial process extension and branching.
  • The role of connexin 30 in astroglial polarization, a key factor in cell morphology, has not been previously investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of connexin 30 in astroglial polarization.
  • To determine if connexin 30 influences cell morphology independently of gap-junction communication.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which connexin 30 regulates astrocyte polarity.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro wound-healing assay to observe polarized migration of astrocytes.
  • Analysis of astrocyte protrusion orientation, centrosome, and Golgi apparatus positioning.
  • Investigation of the laminin/β1 integrin/Cdc42 polarity pathway modulation by connexin 30.
  • In vivo studies in the developing hippocampus.

Main Results:

  • Connexin 30 alters astrocyte protrusion, centrosome, and Golgi apparatus orientation during polarized migration, independent of gap junctions.
  • Connexin 30 modulates the laminin/β1 integrin/Cdc42 pathway by reducing laminin levels and inhibiting β1-integrin redistribution and Cdc42 recruitment/activation.
  • In vivo, developmentally regulated connexin 30 expression contributes to hippocampal astrocyte polarity during postnatal maturation.

Conclusions:

  • Connexin 30 plays a crucial role in controlling astroglial polarity during development.
  • Connexin 30 regulates astrocyte polarity through mechanisms independent of intercellular gap-junction coupling.
  • The findings reveal a novel function of connexin 30 in modulating cell migration and morphological development in astrocytes.