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Published on: February 14, 2019
[Inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in children : Radiological diagnosis]
S Habernig1, P Malle2, K A Hausegger2
1Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Klinikum Klagenfurt, Feschnigstraße 11, 9020, Klagenfurt, Österreich. sandra.habernig@gmx.at.
Insights
Ultrasound is preferred for diagnosing pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases, minimizing radiation exposure. Advanced imaging knowledge is crucial for specialized pediatric radiology departments.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Radiology
- Gastroenterology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are common in pediatric clinical practice.
- Timely diagnosis of pediatric IBD is critical, especially in acute cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of radiologic imaging methods for diagnosing and managing pediatric IBD.
- To emphasize radiation hygiene in pediatric imaging.
Main Methods:
- Review of standard and advanced radiological imaging techniques for pediatric IBD.
- Discussion of ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and cross-sectional imaging.
Main Results:
- Ultrasound is a foundational tool, but its efficacy depends on operator experience.
- Cross-sectional imaging is reserved for exceptional clinical indications in pediatric IBD.
- Dedicated CT protocols are essential for dose reduction in pediatric patients.
Conclusions:
- Ultrasound imaging is favored for pediatric IBD work-up due to radiation hygiene benefits.
- Expertise in advanced imaging procedures is vital for pediatric radiology departments.
Background/Clinical Issue:
Inflammatory bowel diseases are frequently seen in the clinical routine of a pediatric radiologist. The timely diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases in children is particularly important in acute cases.
Standard Radiological Methods/Methodological Innovations:
This nonsystematic article intends to give an overview of the radiologic imaging methods for the diagnosis and work-up of pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.
Performance:
Ultrasound imaging is an important basis tool in pediatric clinical practice. However, sensitivity and specificity depends on the experience of the operator. Cross-sectional imaging modalities in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease are performed only in exceptional cases when clinically justified. Dedicated computed tomography (CT) protocols for children are indispensable to lower radiation dose.
Achievements:
Knowledge about particularities in inflammatory bowel diseases in pediatric patients and a rational approach to the use of radiological investigations in order to prevent the harmful effects of ionizing radiation are indispensable in dedicated pediatric imaging departments.
Practical Recommendations:
From a radiation-hygiene point of view, the clinical application of ultrasound imaging should be favored in the work-up of pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Knowledge about advanced imaging procedures is essential particularly in imaging departments specialized in pediatric radiology.
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