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Related Concept Videos

Gap Junctions01:37

Gap Junctions

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Multicellular organisms employ a variety of ways for cells to communicate with each other. Gap junctions are specialized proteins that form pores between neighboring cells in animals, connecting the cytoplasm between the two, and allowing for the exchange of molecules and ions. They are found in a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate species, mediate numerous functions including cell differentiation and development, and are associated with numerous human diseases, including cardiac and...
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Gap Junctions01:27

Gap Junctions

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The cytoplasm of adjacent animal cells can exchange small molecules, ions, and secondary messengers via the communication channels which form the gap junctions. These junctions comprise a few hundred to thousands of molecular channels, each made of two halves, called the connexon hemichannel. A connexon is a hexamer of six transmembrane connexin proteins, which assemble radially, thus forming a pore or channel in the center. One connexon hemichannel docks with a corresponding connexon on the...
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Shock Waves01:16

Shock Waves

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While deriving the Doppler formula for the observed frequency of a sound wave, it is assumed that the speed of sound in the medium is greater than the source's speed through it. When this condition is breached, a shock wave occurs.
When the source's speed approaches the speed of sound, constructive interference between successive wavefronts emitted by the source occurs immediately behind it. Initially, scientists believed that this constructive interference would result in such high...
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Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock01:24

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Disorders affecting blood volume, vascular tone, or vascular function can disrupt vascular homeostasis, including conditions like hypertension, hemorrhage, and shock.
Blood Pressure: Hypertension and Hypotension
Normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Elevated blood pressure is 120-129/under 80 mm Hg. Hypertension, warranting treatment at 130/80 mm Hg, is often asymptomatic and can lead to severe cardiovascular events, aneurysms, peripheral arterial disease, chronic renal disease, or cardiac...
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Sustainable Development01:43

Sustainable Development

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As the human population continues to grow and use resources, we must be mindful of our planet’s natural limits. Sustainable development provides a pathway to maintain and improve human life now while also ensuring that future generations will have the resources that they need. The long-term success of sustainability efforts rests on understanding the interplay between human actions and ecological systems.
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Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
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Cardiogenic Shock: Recent Developments and Significant Knowledge Gaps.

Hiren Patel1, Haider Nazeer1, Neil Yager1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Albany Medical Center, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-44, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.

Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
|February 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Management of cardiogenic shock (CS) shows plateaued outcomes, with knowledge gaps in mechanical support timing and medical care. Further research is essential to improve patient survival and treatment strategies for this critical condition.

Keywords:
Acute coronary syndromeCardiogenic shockCoronary revascularizationMechanical circulatory supportPercutaneous coronary intervention

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Author Spotlight: Developing Innovative Therapeutic Strategies for Hemorrhagic Shock Research
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiogenic shock (CS) remains a significant clinical challenge with high morbidity and mortality rates.
  • Current management strategies for CS involve a multifaceted approach including revascularization, medical therapy, mechanical support, and supportive care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and describe current principles in the management of cardiogenic shock.
  • To identify areas of uncertainty and knowledge gaps in CS treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current management principles for cardiogenic shock.
  • Analysis of recent findings regarding revascularization, medical management, mechanical circulatory support, and supportive care.

Main Results:

  • Coronary revascularization is recommended, but benefits for nonculprit lesions are not established.
  • Optimal use and timing of available mechanical circulatory support options remain uncertain.
  • Overall outcomes in CS management appear to have plateaued, indicating a need for improved strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Substantial knowledge gaps persist in the optimal medical management and supportive care for patients with CS.
  • Further research is crucial to refine selection criteria and timing for mechanical support and to advance overall CS care.
  • A more expansive research focus is necessary to improve outcomes for this high-risk patient population.