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Correlation means that there is a relationship between two or more variables (such as ice cream consumption and crime), but this relationship does not necessarily imply cause and effect. When two variables are correlated, it simply means that as one variable changes, so does the other. We can measure correlation by calculating a statistic known as a correlation coefficient. A correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to +1 that indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between...
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Tanning addiction: conceptualization, assessment and correlates.

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Researchers developed the Bergen Tanning Addiction Scale (BTAS) to measure problematic tanning behavior. This new scale demonstrates strong psychometric properties and aids in understanding tanning addiction within a modern addiction framework.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Behavioral Science
  • Addiction Research
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Problematic tanning, or 'tanning addiction,' is a growing area of research.
  • Existing instruments for measuring excessive tanning often lack psychometric rigor and theoretical grounding.
  • Previous studies utilized small sample sizes, limiting generalizability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a new scale for measuring tanning addiction.
  • To anchor the scale within a recognized theoretical framework of addiction criteria.
  • To create a psychometrically sound instrument for research and clinical use.

Main Methods:

  • A seven-item scale assessing core addiction criteria (salience, tolerance, mood modification, relapse, withdrawal, conflict, problems) was developed.
  • The scale was administered online to a large, cross-sectional convenience sample (N=23,537).
  • Data included demographic factors, personality traits (Five-Factor Model), and symptoms of OCD, anxiety, and depression.

Main Results:

  • Confirmatory factor analysis supported a one-factor model, indicating optimal fit.
  • The Bergen Tanning Addiction Scale (BTAS) demonstrated high factor loadings (0.78-0.91) and excellent reliability (omega = 0.94).
  • Tanning addiction was positively associated with female gender, single status, extraversion, neuroticism, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsiveness; inversely associated with education, intellect/openness, and depression.

Conclusions:

  • The Bergen Tanning Addiction Scale (BTAS) exhibits robust psychometric properties.
  • BTAS is the first scale to fully integrate tanning addiction within a contemporary addiction framework.
  • The scale has potential applications in clinical practice for patient care, prevention, and disease management.