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Haemoplasmosis in cats: European guidelines from the ABCD on prevention and management

Séverine Tasker, Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, Sándor Belák

    Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
    |February 27, 2018
    PubMed

    Insights

    Haemotropic bacteria called haemoplasmas can cause anemia in cats. While Mycoplasma haemofelis is most pathogenic, other species can affect immunocompromised cats, with PCR being the preferred diagnostic method.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Microbiology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Haemoplasmas are haemotropic bacteria causing anemia in mammals.
    • Three main feline haemoplasma species exist: Mycoplasma haemofelis, 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum', and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis'.
    • Infection can be asymptomatic, but Mycoplasma haemofelis is highly pathogenic, while the other two species may affect immunocompromised cats.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To summarize current knowledge on feline haemoplasma infections.
    • To outline diagnostic and treatment strategies for haemoplasma infections in cats.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on feline haemoplasma.
    • Discussion of diagnostic techniques and treatment protocols.

    Main Results:

    • Mycoplasma haemofelis is the most virulent feline haemoplasma species.
    • 'Candidatus M. haemominutum' and 'Candidatus M. turicensis' are less pathogenic but can cause disease in immunocompromised cats.
    • PCR assays are the preferred diagnostic method; doxycycline is often effective for Mycoplasma haemofelis, though complete clearance is not guaranteed.

    Conclusions:

    • Feline haemoplasma infections are diverse, with varying pathogenicity.
    • Effective diagnosis relies on PCR, and treatment requires careful consideration of the specific species involved.
    • Further research is needed on the antibiotic responsiveness of 'Candidatus M. haemominutum' and 'Candidatus M. turicensis'.
    Abstract

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