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Dementia

Dementia

Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....

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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Published on: November 6, 2017

Frontotemporal dementia.

Jessica Deleon¹, Bruce L Miller¹

¹Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology

|February 27, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a progressive brain disorder affecting behavior and language. This review details genes linked to FTD, their functions, and associated clinical and pathological features.

Keywords:

C9ORF72 MAPT amyotrophic lateral sclerosis frontotemporal dementia genetics parkinsonism primary progressive aphasia progranulin semantic dementia

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Genetics
Neurology

Background:

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disorder impacting behavior, personality, and language.
Approximately 40% of FTD cases have a family history, with 10% exhibiting autosomal-dominant inheritance.
Genetic defects in FTD are associated with distinct clinical presentations.

Purpose of the Study:

To review genes associated with Frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
To discuss the protein functions, mutation frequencies, clinical phenotypes, imaging, and pathology related to these FTD-associated genes.

Main Methods:

Literature review of genes linked to Frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
Analysis of protein functions, mutation frequencies, clinical phenotypes, neuroimaging characteristics, and neuropathology.

Main Results:

Identified and reviewed key genes associated with FTD.
Detailed the functional roles, prevalence of mutations, clinical manifestations, and pathological hallmarks for each gene.

Conclusions:

Recognizing FTD diagnostic criteria highlights the importance of considering specific gene mutations.
Understanding these genetic associations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and future research in FTD.