Release kinetics of vanadium from vanadium titano-magnetite: The effects of pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature and...

As part of a broader study of the environmental geochemistry behavior of vanadium (V), the release kinetics of V from the dissolution of natural vanadium titano-magnetite under environmentally relevant conditions was investigated. In both the acidic and basic domains, the V release rate was found to be proportional to fractional powers of hydrogen ion and dissolved oxygen activities. The dependence of the rate on dissolved oxygen can also be described in terms of the Langmuir adsorption model. The empirical rate equation is given by: r [Formula: see text] where, α=0.099-0.265, k'=3.2×10^-6-1.7×10^-5, K=2.7×10⁴-3.9×10⁴mol/L in acid solution (pH4.1), and α=-0.494-(-0.527), k'=2.0×10⁴-2.5×10^-11, and K=4.1×10³-6.5×10³mol/L in basic solution (pH8.8) at 20°C. Based on the effect of temperature on the release rate of V, the activation energies of minerals at pH8.8 were determined to be 148-235kJ/mol, suggesting that the dissolution of vanadium titano-magnetite is a surface-controlled process. The presence of Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, NO₃^-, Cl^-, SO₄^2- and CO₃^2- was found to accelerate the V release rates. This study improves the understanding of both the V pollution risk in some mine areas and the fate of V in the environment.