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[Hyperthyroidism and breast cancer: Is there a link?]

E Cordel1, N Reix2, S Molière3

  • 1Unité de sénologie, hôpital de Hautepierre, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, CHRU, 1, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg cedex 09, France.

Gynecologie, Obstetrique, Fertilite & Senologie
|February 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Women with hyperthyroidism face a moderately increased risk of breast cancer. Early screening and regular breast examinations are recommended for these patients.

Keywords:
Breast cancerCancer du seinGraves’ diseaseHyperthyroidismHyperthyroïdieMaladie de BasedowThyroxineTriiodothyronine

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Hyperthyroidism is a condition involving an overactive thyroid gland.
  • Breast cancer is a significant health concern, particularly in women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing literature and determine the association between hyperthyroidism and breast cancer risk.
  • To synthesize findings from various study designs, including cohort studies, case-control studies, and meta-analyses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search conducted on the PUBMED database (2002-2017).
  • Keywords used: "hyperthyroidism AND breast cancer" and "thyroid AND breast cancer".
  • Selection of 22 relevant studies.

Main Results:

  • 15 out of 22 studies found a significant link between hyperthyroidism and breast cancer.
  • Graves' disease showed a positive association with breast cancer onset, particularly within three years of diagnosis.
  • Increased breast cancer risk was noted in overweight and postmenopausal women with hyperthyroidism.

Conclusions:

  • Women with hyperthyroidism have a moderately increased risk of breast cancer (Relative Risk < 2).
  • Physiopathological hypotheses support this association.
  • Annual clinical breast exams and biennial mammograms (from age 50) are advised for hyperthyroid patients.