Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Investigating the Pathogenesis of MYH7 Mutation Gly823Glu in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using a Mouse Model
03:45

Investigating the Pathogenesis of MYH7 Mutation Gly823Glu in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using a Mouse Model

Published on: August 8, 2022

4.3K

Morphological Determinants of Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Obtained Using Echocardiography

Ikumi Nara1, Takako Iino1, Hiroyuki Watanabe1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine.

International Heart Journal
|February 27, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The anterior mitral leaflet length to left ventricular dimension ratio is a key predictor of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This ratio helps identify anatomical risks for obstruction in HCM patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can cause left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction.
  • The specific anatomical factors leading to LVOT obstruction in HCM are not fully understood.
  • Echocardiography is crucial for assessing cardiac morphology and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify echocardiographic morphological determinants of LVOT obstruction in patients with HCM.
  • To evaluate the predictive value of specific anatomical measurements for LVOT obstruction.
  • To understand the anatomical risks associated with LVOT obstruction in HCM.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty patients with untreated HCM were divided into obstructive (LVOTPG ≥ 30 mmHg) and non-obstructive groups.
  • Echocardiographic variables including wall thickness, LV dimensions, LVOT diameter, mitral valve motion, papillary muscle distance, and anterior mitral leaflet (AML) length were analyzed.
  • Statistical analysis, including multiple linear regression, was used to determine predictive values.

Main Results:

  • Systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve was more frequent in the obstructive group (100% vs 58%).
  • Patients with obstruction had a shorter papillary muscle to septum distance and longer AML length.
  • The AML length/LV end-systolic dimension (LVDs) ratio was significantly higher in the obstructive group and independently predicted LVOT pressure gradients.

Conclusions:

  • The AML length/LVDs ratio is a significant predictor of LVOT obstruction in HCM.
  • This ratio effectively identifies patients at anatomical risk for LVOT obstruction.
  • The AML length/LVDs ratio demonstrates a strong relationship with LVOT pressure gradients, aiding in risk stratification.

Keywords:
Left ventricle outflow tract obstructionMitral leaflet lengthMitral valve complex

More Related Videos

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography07:11

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography

Published on: October 28, 2020

3.4K
Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery04:48

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery

Published on: November 28, 2018

8.4K

Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
530
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
591
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
593
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
470
Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
620
Cardiomyopathy VI: Nursing Management01:29

Cardiomyopathy VI: Nursing Management

Assessment: Nursing management of patients with cardiomyopathy begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's history, including a family history of cardiomyopathy or sudden cardiac death, personal history of heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and any alcohol consumption or drug use.During the physical examination, assess vital signs, look for signs of heart failure (such as edema, jugular venous distention, and cyanosis), auscultate for abnormal heart sounds (like murmurs and gallops),...
367