Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 14, 2026
13:06
Viral Tracing of Genetically Defined Neural Circuitry
Published on: October 17, 2012
19.1K
The Medial Ventrothalamic Circuitry: Cells Implicated in a Bimodal Network
Tomas Vega-Zuniga1, Dominik Trost1, Katrin Schicker1
1Lehrstuhl für Zoologie, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
Frontiers in Neural Circuits
|February 27, 2018
Summary
This study details neuronal connections in the avian thalamus, revealing two cell types in the nucleus geniculatus lateralis pars ventralis (GLv) and the nucleus intercalatus thalami (ICT). These findings illuminate visuomotor circuits involved in gaze control.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Avian Biology
- Thalamic Circuitry
Background:
- The medial ventral thalamus in birds contains nuclei near the third ventricle.
- Detailed morphology and connectivity of some thalamic nuclei remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the morphology and connectivity of the retinorecipient nucleus geniculatus lateralis pars ventralis (GLv) and the adjacent nucleus intercalatus thalami (ICT) in chickens.
- To elucidate the complex neural pathways between the GLv, ICT, pretectum, and tectum.
Main Methods:
- Intracellular filling technique in chickens.
- Analysis of neuronal morphology and axonal projections.
Main Results:
- Identified two GLv neuronal types: projection cells targeting LM, GT, ICT, PPC, and TeO, and horizontal interneurons with widespread processes.
- ICT cells showed multipolar somata and projected to LPC.
- Established detailed connectivity patterns between GLv, ICT, pretectum, and tectum.
Conclusions:
- The GLv and ICT exhibit complex connectivity patterns.
- These nuclei are likely part of a bimodal circuit involved in visuomotor functions.
- Potential roles in saccade generation, gaze control, and spatial perception are suggested.
Related Concept Videos
02:26Protein Networks
4.6K
An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
4.6K
02:26Protein Networks
2.9K
2.9K
02:18Network Covalent Solids
16.2K
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
16.2K
01:25Network Function of a Circuit
884
Frequency response analysis in electrical circuits provides vital insights into a circuit's behavior as the frequency of the input signal changes. The transfer function, a mathematical tool, is instrumental in understanding this behavior. It defines the relationship between phasor output and input and comes in four types: voltage gain, current gain, transfer impedance, and transfer admittance. The critical components of the transfer function are the poles and zeros.
884
01:24Sequence Networks of Rotating Machines
503
A Y-connected synchronous generator, grounded through a neutral impedance, is designed to produce balanced internal phase voltages with only positive-sequence components. The generator's sequence networks include a source voltage that is exclusively in the positive-sequence network. The sequence components of line-to-ground voltages at the generator terminals illustrate this configuration.
Zero-sequence current induces a voltage drop across the generator's neutral impedance and other...
Zero-sequence current induces a voltage drop across the generator's neutral impedance and other...
503
01:07What are Cells?
205.3K
Cells are the smallest and basic units of life, whether it is a single cell that forms the entire organism, e.g., in a bacterium or trillions of them, e.g., in humans. No matter what organism a cell is a part of, they share specific characteristics.
Basic Characteristics of Cells
A living cell has a plasma membrane, a bilayer of lipids that separates the aqueous solution inside the cell called the cytoplasm from the outside environment.
Furthermore, a living cell possesses genetic information...
Basic Characteristics of Cells
A living cell has a plasma membrane, a bilayer of lipids that separates the aqueous solution inside the cell called the cytoplasm from the outside environment.
Furthermore, a living cell possesses genetic information...
205.3K