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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Active fluids, characterized by spontaneous movement and energy dissipation, break time-reversal symmetry.
  • Nonspherical bodies in active fluids generate flow fields that mediate interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature and consequences of interactions between multiple passive bodies in an active fluid.
  • To characterize the emergent dynamics and potential for self-assembly.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a multipole expansion to analyze the flow fields generated by passive bodies.
  • Theoretical modeling to describe the long-range interactions and their properties.

Main Results:

  • Identified power-law decaying, anisotropic interactions between passive bodies.
  • Demonstrated that these interactions do not adhere to an action-reaction principle.
  • Observed spontaneous synchronized rotation of nonchiral bodies and formation of traveling bound pairs.

Conclusions:

  • Active fluids can mediate complex, long-range interactions between passive bodies.
  • The emergent dynamics, such as synchronized rotation and pair formation, are tunable via body properties.
  • These findings open avenues for designing self-assembling systems using active fluids.