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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

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Nearly Diffraction-Free Nonlinear Imaging of Irregularly Distributed Ferroelectric Domains
Rong-Er Lu1,2, Rui-Zhi Zhao1,2, Xia Feng1,2
1National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
Abstract:
Second-harmonic generation is used experimentally for the nonlinear imaging of two-dimensional irregular domain structures. Analytical solutions and simulation results for the Fresnel distribution of domain walls are obtained. The results show that the domain wall plays an important role in the imaging process and the corresponding diffraction effect is greatly suppressed (we call it a nearly diffraction-free effect), thus providing a simple way to realize high-resolution imaging for ferroelectric domains.
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