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Nonequilibrium Steady State Generated by a Moving Defect: The Supersonic Threshold.

Alvise Bastianello¹, Andrea De Luca²

¹SISSA & INFN, via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy.

Physical Review Letters

|February 27, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A moving defect in a 1D lattice of free fermions creates a nonequilibrium steady state (NESS). This state

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Area of Science:

Condensed matter physics
Quantum mechanics
Statistical mechanics

Background:

Investigating quantum systems with defects is crucial for understanding emergent phenomena.
Nonequilibrium steady states (NESS) are fundamental in open quantum systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the dynamics of free fermions on a 1D lattice with a moving defect.
To characterize the nonequilibrium steady state (NESS) induced by the defect.

Main Methods:

Formulating the time-dependent problem as a scattering problem on a static potential.
Developing an exact solution for a delta-like defect.
Employing a semiclassical approximation for smooth defects.

Main Results:

The defect induces a NESS dependent on its velocity.
A sharp threshold exists related to the speed of sound.
Above this threshold, the defect moves without perturbing the system.

Conclusions:

The velocity of the defect critically influences the emergent NESS.
The speed of sound acts as a critical parameter determining NESS formation.
The system exhibits distinct behaviors below and above the speed of sound threshold.