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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

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Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus....
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Coronary Circulation01:21

Coronary Circulation

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The heart, an organ critical to survival, gets nourishment not from the blood it pumps but from a separate circulation system known as coronary circulation. This is the shortest circulation in the body and is responsible for supplying the heart with the nutrients it needs to function effectively.
Coronary circulation begins at the base of the aorta, where two main arteries arise—the left and right coronary arteries. These arteries encircle the heart in the coronary sulcus and supply the...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias01:16

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmias are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that lead to abnormal heartbeats. These irregularities can originate from different parts of the heart and are classified based on their origin and nature.
Types of Arrhythmias
Sinus Node Arrhythmias
Sinus Bradycardia: Originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node, sinus bradycardia involves slower impulses, resulting in a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute (bpm). Causes include sleep, vagal stimulation, beta-blockers, hypothyroidism,...
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Reducing Line Loss01:18

Reducing Line Loss

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In a three-phase circuit, line loss is an indicator of energy dissipated as heat due to the resistance of transmission lines. To address this, incorporating transformers into the system—a step-up transformer at the source and a step-down transformer at the load—is a strategic solution. Two three-phase transformers are introduced to improve this.
With a step-up transformer at the source, the voltage is increased, thereby reducing the current in the transmission lines since power loss in...
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Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

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The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
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Revascularization with drug-coated balloons alone in complex coronary artery disease: a systematic review.

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Impact of Strut Thickness for Patients Treated With Percutaneous Revascularization for Coronary Bifurcations: Insights From the BIFURCAT-ULTRA Registry.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Direct Re-implantation of Left Coronary Artery into the Aorta in Adults with Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery ALCAPA
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Coronary sinus perforation during reducer implantation.

Bernardo Cortese1, Gaetano di Palma1, Roberto Latini1

  • 1Interventional Cardiology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milano, Italy.

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions : Official Journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions
|February 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The Coronary Sinus Reducer is effective for refractory angina. This report details the first known case of coronary sinus perforation following implantation of this device.

Keywords:
CADCORDIDI

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Medical Device Technology

Background:

  • Refractory angina is a debilitating condition impacting quality of life.
  • The Coronary Sinus Reducer (Neovasc, Inc.) is an established treatment for refractory angina, demonstrating safety and efficacy.
  • Complications from Coronary Sinus Reducer implantation are infrequent.

Observation:

  • Coronary sinus perforation is a rare event, typically associated with cardiac surgery.
  • This case presents the first instance of coronary sinus perforation occurring after Coronary Sinus Reducer implantation.

Findings:

  • The study documents a rare complication, coronary sinus perforation, following the implantation of a Coronary Sinus Reducer.
  • This finding expands the known spectrum of potential adverse events associated with this cardiac device.

Implications:

  • Awareness of coronary sinus perforation as a potential complication is crucial for clinicians.
  • Further investigation may be warranted to understand the mechanisms and risk factors for this rare event.
  • This case highlights the importance of vigilance and careful patient monitoring post-implantation.