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Tuberous Sclerosis Complex with Gingival Enlargement in an Adolescent
Sonia Nath1, Jayant Prakash2, Narendra Nath Singh3
1Department of Dentistry, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, India.
Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|February 28, 2018
Summary
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a genetic disorder, can manifest as gingival enlargement. Early diagnosis is aided by combining periodontal and dermatological examinations for this multisystem condition.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Dermatology
- Oral Medicine
Background:
- Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant, multisystem genetic disorder.
- Characterized by benign hamartomas, neurofibromas, and angiofibromas in various organs.
- Oral manifestations, such as gingival enlargement, can occur.
Observation:
- A case report of a 13-year-old boy with gingival enlargement.
- Clinical examination revealed dermatological signs: hypopigmented macules, shagreen plaques, miliary fibromas, fibrous plaques, and angiofibromas.
- Localized gingival enlargement was the primary oral manifestation.
Findings:
- Gingivectomy was performed, and histopathological examination of the excised tissue was conducted.
- Microscopic findings showed collagen fibers, proliferating fibroblasts, and blood vessels consistent with angiofibromas.
- Clinical and histopathological results confirmed gingival angiofibromas associated with TSC.
Implications:
- Gingivectomy improved the patient's oral function and aesthetics.
- Integrated periodontal and dermatological examinations are crucial for early TSC diagnosis.
- Recognizing oral signs aids in managing this complex genetic disorder.
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