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Real-time energy/mass transfer mapping for online 4D dose reconstruction
Peter Ziegenhein1, Cornelis Ph Kamerling2, Martin F Fast2
1Joint Department of Physics at The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SM2 5NG, UK. peter.ziegenhein@icr.ac.uk.
Scientific Reports
|February 28, 2018
Summary
This study presents a fast method for calculating radiation dose on moving lung tumors using central processing unit (CPU) optimization. The technique achieves real-time dose accumulation, enabling faster treatment adjustments.
Area of Science:
- Medical Physics
- Computational Biology
- Radiotherapy Technology
Background:
- Accurate dose accumulation is crucial for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), especially with deforming patient anatomy.
- Real-time dose calculation on 4D image data is challenging due to computational demands.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and present an ultra-fast, low-latency energy/mass transfer (EMT) mapping method for dose accumulation on deforming geometries.
- To achieve online dose accumulation in under 40 milliseconds for real-time applications.
Main Methods:
- Implementation of an energy/mass transfer (EMT) mapping method on the central processing unit (CPU).
- Exploration of three CPU speed optimization strategies: single-core optimization, parallelization, and vectorization.
- Utilizing pre-calculated deformable vector fields for dose accumulation onto a reference phase.
Main Results:
- Single-core optimization achieved dose accumulation in approximately 1.1 seconds.
- Parallelization reduced the runtime to about 50 milliseconds.
- Vectorization further decreased dose accumulation time to 15 milliseconds, meeting the real-time constraint without compromising accuracy.
Conclusions:
- The developed method enables real-time dose accumulation on deforming patient geometries.
- This technique has the potential to facilitate online dose evaluation and adaptive radiotherapy planning.
- Optimized CPU implementation of EMT mapping is effective for high-throughput radiation dose calculations.
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