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Feedback determines the structure of correlated variability in primary visual cortex.

Adrian G Bondy1,2, Ralf M Haefner3, Bruce G Cumming4

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Sensory neuron correlations (rsc) are not solely due to noise but are shaped by feedback from higher brain areas. This finding suggests feedback, not just noise, influences sensory processing and neural choices.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • Sensory neuron responses exhibit weak correlations (spike-count correlation, rsc), often attributed to shared afferent noise.
  • This noise is hypothesized to limit the reliability of sensory coding, impacting neural processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the sources of spike-count correlation (rsc) in sensory neurons.
  • To determine the relative contributions of shared afferent noise versus feedback from higher brain regions to rsc structure.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded from populations of V1 (primary visual cortex) neurons in macaques.
  • Monkeys performed discrimination tasks using identical visual input but varying task instructions.

Main Results:

  • The structure of spike-count correlation (rsc) varied systematically with task instructions.
  • This indicates that rsc structure is modulated by task demands, even at the earliest cortical visual processing stages.

Conclusions:

  • The structure of rsc in V1 neurons during task performance is primarily shaped by feedback dynamics, not solely by shared afferent noise.
  • Task-engaged feedback influences correlations between neural activity and behavioral choices, challenging previous assumptions about rsc's constraints on sensory processing.