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A "Yellow Submarine" in Dermoscopy.

Francesca Satolli¹, Miriam Rovesti¹, Alfredo Zucchi¹

¹Dermatology, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, Parma 43126, Italy.

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences

|February 28, 2018

Summary

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Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare skin cancer. Dermoscopy can aid in early diagnosis of HS, which is often detected late and has a high mortality rate.

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Oncology
Pathology

Background:

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare non-Langerhans cell tumor primarily affecting adults.
The etiology of HS remains unknown.
Skin manifestations of HS can present as single or multiple papules or nodules.

Observation:

A Caucasian male in his late 40s presented with an asymptomatic, rose papulonodular lesion on his lumbar region.
Videodermoscopy revealed a homogeneous yellow central pattern, polymorphic vessels, eccentric peripheral pigmentation, and a white collar.
An excisional biopsy was performed for definitive diagnosis.

Findings:

Morphological and immunophenotypic analysis confirmed the lesion as histiocytic sarcoma.
Immunohistochemistry showed expression of CD163, CD68, and/or lysozyme.

Keywords:

CD68 WHO classification lymphomas dermoscopy histiocytic sarcoma yellow colour

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The lesion was characterized by its elevated, symmetrical, pinkish appearance.

Implications:

Early diagnosis of HS is crucial due to its typically advanced stage at presentation and high mortality rate.
Dermoscopy, particularly the observation of a homogeneous yellow coloration, can assist in the challenging diagnosis of HS.
This case highlights the importance of dermatological evaluation for potentially rare cutaneous malignancies.