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Membrane tubulin.

R E Stephens

    Biology of the Cell
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Membrane tubulin, found in various cellular structures, differs from cytoplasmic tubulin. This distinct membrane tubulin may play roles in vesicle binding, microtubule growth, and cellular signaling.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Neuroscience
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Tubulin is a key protein in the cytoskeleton, primarily known for its role in forming microtubules.
    • While cytoplasmic tubulin functions are well-established, its presence and specific roles in cellular membranes are less understood.
    • Identifying tubulin in diverse membrane-bound organelles suggests potential novel functions beyond cytoplasmic microtubule formation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and characteristics of tubulin within various cellular membrane structures.
    • To compare membrane-associated tubulin with its cytoplasmic counterpart to identify unique properties.
    • To explore the potential functional implications of membrane tubulin in cellular processes.

    Main Methods:

    • Immunological detection of tubulin in isolated membrane fractions from various cell types (e.g., brain, platelets, cilia).

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  • Biochemical analysis to compare isoelectric points, amino acid composition, and post-translational modifications of membrane vs. cytoplasmic tubulin.
  • Lipid-binding assays to assess the reassociation properties of membrane tubulin.

    • Main Results:

    • Tubulin was identified as a component in membrane structures including nerve synaptosomes, myelin, platelet plasma membranes, coated vesicles, mitochondria, and mollusc cilia.
    • Membrane tubulin exhibited distinct properties compared to cytoplasmic tubulin, such as differences in isoelectric point, amino acid substitutions, and lack of carboxy-terminal tyrosine.
    • Selective reassociation with lipids was observed for membrane tubulin.

    Conclusions:

    • Tubulin is an integral component of diverse cellular membranes, not just the cytoplasm.
    • Membrane tubulin possesses unique biochemical characteristics that differentiate it from cytoplasmic tubulin.
    • These distinct properties suggest specialized functions for membrane tubulin, potentially involving membrane-cytoskeleton interactions, vesicle trafficking, and signal transduction.