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Markers of anaphylaxis - a systematic review
Maria Magdalena Tomasiak-Łozowska1, Maciej Klimek1, Agnieszka Lis1
1Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Advances in Medical Sciences
|February 28, 2018
Summary
Anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction, is often misdiagnosed. This study reviews key biomarkers like tryptase and histamine to improve accurate and timely diagnosis of this life-threatening condition.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Anaphylaxis is a severe, immediate hypersensitivity reaction that is potentially life-threatening.
- Accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment are critical but often challenging due to misdiagnosis or confusion with other conditions.
- There is an ongoing need for reliable markers to aid in the diagnosis of anaphylaxis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and discuss currently identified markers for anaphylaxis.
- To highlight the most clinically significant biomarkers for improving diagnostic accuracy.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of known anaphylaxis markers.
- Detailed discussion of clinically valuable markers including tryptase, platelet-activating factor (PAF), PAF-acetylhydrolase, histamine, and its metabolites.
Main Results:
- Tryptase, PAF, PAF-acetylhydrolase, histamine, and its metabolites are identified as key markers for anaphylaxis.
- These biomarkers offer potential for improved diagnostic specificity and sensitivity.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis of anaphylaxis is crucial for patient survival.
- The discussed biomarkers, particularly tryptase and histamine, hold significant clinical value in confirming anaphylaxis and differentiating it from other conditions.
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