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Superhydrophobic surfaces with structural hierarchies trap air pockets, influencing liquid-solid and vapor-liquid-solid interactions. This controlled wetting on SHiMMs affects droplet adhesion and surface properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Liquid-solid (LS) and vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) interfaces are crucial for understanding surface chemistry's impact on industrial processes.
  • Superhydrophobic surfaces offer unique wetting properties with potential applications in various fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize superhydrophobic surfaces with structural hierarchies (SHiMMs).
  • To investigate the microscale wetting characteristics of LS and VLS interfaces on SHiMMs.
  • To understand the relationship between surface structure, wetting behavior, and droplet adhesion.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of structural hierarchical-modified microsphere surfaces (SHiMMs) using hollow glass microspheres.
  • Microscale probing of LS and VLS interfaces using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and optical microscopy (OM).
  • Analysis of wetting characteristics using energy-dispersive spectroscopy and contact angle measurements.

Main Results:

  • SHiMMs exhibited an apparent static contact angle (aSCA) of ~160°, indicating superhydrophobicity.
  • ESEM and OM confirmed the presence of microscale air pockets (3-150 μm) at the VLS triple-phase contact line.
  • Energy-dispersive spectroscopy corroborated the presence of air pockets and fractional wetting in the LS interface.
  • Droplets showed high adhesion, requiring a 10°-40° tilt angle for detachment, attributed to liquid pinning at interfaces.

Conclusions:

  • Microscale air pockets and fractional wetting significantly influence the wetting characteristics of superhydrophobic SHiMMs.
  • Droplet adhesion on SHiMMs is linked to the pinning of liquids at both VLS and LS interfaces.
  • Controlling microroughness and surface chemistry of SHiMMs allows tuning of static and dynamic liquid-surface interactions.