Exotic complexes in one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbit coupling

By means of the F-expansion method and intensive numerical simulations, the existence of three families of nonlinear matter waves including Jacobi elliptic functions, solitons, and triangular periodic functions, is demonstrated for spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with a linear potential. In addition, several complexes are obtained by taking two distinct solutions of each family or two distinct families. These solutions sustain different types of two-body interactions in the condensate that can be repulsive, attractive, or attractive and repulsive. Whereas the spin-orbit coupling destabilized these nonlinear matter waves, the linear potential leads to a stabilization. The numerical results are in excellent agreement with our analytical findings and it can be expected that the proposed robust solutions should be observable for experimentally relevant conditions.