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MAO-A Phenotype Effects Response Sensitivity and the Parietal Old/New Effect during Recognition Memory.

Robert S Ross¹, Andrew Smolen², Tim Curran³

¹Neuroscience and Behavior Program, Department of Psychology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

|March 1, 2018

Summary

Genetic variations in the monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) gene affect recognition memory. Individuals with higher MAO-A transcription show reduced ability to distinguish between new and old items.

Keywords:

EEG ERP discriminability item memory source memory

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Genetics
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Individual differences in cognition, particularly recognition memory, hinder personalized treatment for cognitive disruptions.
The monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) gene's transcription rate is a potential factor influencing individual variations in recognition memory.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how MAO-A gene phenotypes impact behavioral and electroencephalography (EEG) correlates of recognition memory.
To determine the effect of MAO-A phenotype on specific event-related potential (ERP) components during item and source memory tasks.

Main Methods:

Utilized electroencephalography (EEG) combined with genetic phenotyping of the MAO-A gene.
Analyzed ERP components including the early frontal old/new effect, left parietal old/new effect, late frontal old/new effect, and late posterior negativity (LPN).

Main Results:

Individuals with the MAO-A phenotype associated with increased transcription exhibited lower response sensitivity in both item and source memory.
The left parietal old/new effect was absent during item memory in these individuals, linked to increased ERP amplitude for correct rejections.

Conclusions:

The MAO-A gene phenotype significantly alters EEG correlates of recognition memory.
MAO-A phenotype influences an individual's capacity to differentiate between previously encountered and novel stimuli.