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Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men.

Julia Han1, Jae Hung Jung2,3,4, Caitlin J Bakker5

  • 1Department of Urology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.

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|March 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Desmopressin may reduce nighttime voids in men for up to 12 months compared to placebo, with similar effects to alpha-blockers. Combined therapies with desmopressin do not appear to offer additional benefits for nocturia treatment.

Keywords:
desmopressinmennocturiarandomised controlled trials

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Nocturia, defined as one or more voids per night, affects men and can impact quality of life.
  • Desmopressin is a treatment option for nocturia, but its comparative effectiveness and safety require thorough evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effects of desmopressin compared to other interventions for nocturia in men.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized and quasi-randomized trials on desmopressin's efficacy and safety.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted up to August 2017, including multiple databases and abstract proceedings.
  • Fourteen randomized trials involving 2,966 men were included, comparing desmopressin with placebo, alpha-blockers, or combination therapies.
  • Data were extracted, and risk of bias was assessed; statistical analyses used a random-effects model, with quality of evidence assessed using GRADE criteria.

Main Results:

  • Desmopressin showed a potential reduction in nocturnal voids compared to placebo, particularly up to 12 months (low quality of evidence).
  • Compared to alpha-blockers, desmopressin demonstrated similar effects on nocturnal voids and quality of life (moderate quality of evidence).
  • Combination therapy with desmopressin and alpha-blockers or anticholinergics did not show significant added benefits in reducing nocturnal voids or improving quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • Desmopressin may be effective in reducing nocturnal voids for up to 12 months without increasing major adverse events compared to placebo.
  • The efficacy of desmopressin for nocturia appears comparable to alpha-blockers, with a low risk of adverse events.
  • Current evidence suggests no additional benefit from combining desmopressin with alpha-blockers or anticholinergics for nocturia management.