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Using Learning Outcome Measures to assess Doctoral Nursing Education

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Published on: June 21, 2010

Key Issues in Nursing Theory: Developments, Challenges, and Future Directions.

¹Callista Roy, RN, PhD, FAAN, is Adjunct Professor, Mount St. Mary's University, Los Angeles, California. When this paper was written, she was Professor, Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.

Nursing Research

|March 1, 2018

Summary

Nursing science faces challenges due to an imbalance in inquiry. This study examines theory development and proposes a structure for future nursing knowledge, guiding evidence-based practice.

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Area of Science:

Nursing Science
Knowledge Development
Theory Development

Background:

The nursing profession is at a critical juncture, facing a potential imbalance between philosophical, conceptual/theoretical, and empirical inquiry.
This imbalance threatens the coherent development of the nursing discipline.

Observation:

Historical analysis of nursing theory reveals significant contributions to the discipline's maturation and focus on holistic care.
Twentieth-century theoretical work clarified nursing's focus on holistic persons and environmental integration for health.
Twenty-first-century developments highlight the use of all theory levels, particularly in research, prompting reevaluation of theory's role.

Findings:

Nursing theory has matured, clarifying its focus on holistic persons and environmental integration for health.
A plurality of grand theories has aided articulation and testing in practice and research.
Challenges to theory development include rapid societal, healthcare, and scientific changes, alongside metatheory debates.

Implications:

A proposed structure for nursing knowledge offers a unifying focus for future theory development.
This framework can guide the creation of theory-based nursing knowledge essential for advancing practice.
Strategies are suggested for cultivating this future, ensuring theory remains central to nursing science.