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A multiscale approach to mapping seabed sediments.

Benjamin Misiuk1, Vincent Lecours2, Trevor Bell1

  • 1Department of Geography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.

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Seabed sediment mapping benefits from considering environmental variables at multiple spatial scales. This study found that scale selection is crucial for accurate marine habitat mapping and spatial planning.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine ecology
  • Geospatial analysis
  • Benthic habitat mapping

Background:

  • Benthic habitat maps are vital for marine management, but often use environmental variables at a single spatial scale.
  • Environmental variables should ideally be considered at multiple spatial scales for accurate habitat mapping.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of using environmental variables at multiple spatial scales for modeling and mapping seabed sediments.
  • To determine the optimal spatial scales for predictor variables in seabed sediment distribution models.

Main Methods:

  • Derived 16 environmental variables from multibeam echosounder data at eight spatial scales (5-275 m).
  • Used grain size data from grab samples to test predictor variable scales for sediment models.
  • Employed Boosted Regression Tree models to predict sediment fractions (mud, sand, gravel).

Main Results:

  • The default scale was not always optimal; specific scales improved sediment models.
  • Selected scale-dependent variables (11 for mud/sand, 15 for gravel/sand) at five different scales.
  • Achieved statistically significant correlations between predicted and cross-validated sediment fractions (Spearman's ρmud = 0.77, ρsand = 0.71, ρgravel = 0.58).

Conclusions:

  • Spatial scale consideration is as important as variable selection in seabed mapping.
  • Multiscale predictions of sediment fractions can produce useful maps for marine spatial planning.
  • Optimal spatial scales vary depending on the environmental variable and sediment type being modeled.