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Corticosteroid use in management of pediatric emergency conditions

Asalim Thabet1, Tyler Greenfield2, Richard M Cantor3

  • 1Assistant Professor, Departments of Emergency Medicine & Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY.

Pediatric Emergency Medicine Practice
|March 1, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Corticosteroids are beneficial for pediatric asthma and croup but lack clear recommendations for spinal cord injury. Evidence is insufficient or conflicting for use in pharyngitis, anaphylaxis, and meningitis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Inflammatory diseases

Background:

  • Corticosteroids have been utilized for over 50 years to manage inflammatory conditions.
  • Their application in pediatric care, however, remains a subject of debate and ongoing research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing evidence regarding corticosteroid use in several pediatric conditions.
  • To clarify indications and controversies surrounding corticosteroid treatment in children.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of corticosteroid efficacy and safety.
  • Analysis of data for acute asthma exacerbations, croup, pharyngitis, anaphylaxis, spinal injury, and meningitis in pediatric populations.

Main Results:

  • Corticosteroids are clearly indicated for acute asthma exacerbations and croup.
  • Recommendations for corticosteroid use in acute spinal cord injury are not universal due to insufficient evidence.
  • Consideration of corticosteroids for acute pharyngitis, anaphylaxis, and bacterial meningitis is based on limited or conflicting data.

Conclusions:

  • Established roles for corticosteroids exist in pediatric asthma and croup management.
  • Further research is needed to define the role of corticosteroids in other critical pediatric conditions like pharyngitis, anaphylaxis, meningitis, and spinal injury.

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