Risk Knowledge and Awareness of Coronary Heart Disease, and Health Promotion Behaviors Among Adults in Oman

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships between an individual's characteristics and experiences (age, gender, level of education, income, and employment), knowledge of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors, perception of health status, awareness of CHD, and health promotion behaviors among adult Omanis.

Using Pender's health promotion model, a cross-sectional and correlational survey design was employed. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 180 participants in Muscat, the capital of Oman. Descriptive and multivariate linear regression analyses were employed.

Increasing age was associated with high levels of awareness about CHD. Participants who were employed and knowledgeable about CHD risk factors were more likely to have lower perceptions of health. The regression model showed that knowledge of CHD risk factors and awareness of CHD had positive associations with health promotion behaviors. Meanwhile, employed participants had lower health promotion behaviors scores.

Interventions to increase health promotion behaviors should include application of behavioral change strategies that are suitable for age and employment status. The strategies must focus on providing information to enhance knowledge and awareness about CHD.