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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Bacterial Delivery of RNAi Effectors: Transkingdom RNAi
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A rADAR defense against RNAi.

Amy E Pasquinelli1

  • 1Division of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.

Genes & Development
|March 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) edit double-stranded RNA, preventing its destruction by the RNAi pathway. This ADAR editing protects cells from unintended antiviral responses and developmental issues.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) catalyze the conversion of adenosine (A) to inosine (I) within double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) regions.
  • The precise biological functions of most ADAR editing substrates remain largely uncharacterized.
  • RNA interference (RNAi) is a conserved biological pathway that regulates gene expression through small RNAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of ADAR-mediated RNA editing in protecting cellular transcripts from RNAi.
  • To determine the consequences of disrupting ADAR activity in conjunction with enhanced RNAi.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized *Caenorhabditis elegans* as a model organism.
  • Examined the impact of ADAR loss-of-function and RNAi pathway manipulation on RNA editing and gene expression.
Keywords:
DicerRNA editingdeaminaseself–nonselfsiRNA

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  • Assessed developmental phenotypes and gene expression profiles.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated that A-to-I editing in dsRNA regions of protein-coding transcripts shields them from RNAi pathway targeting.
    • Showed that loss of ADAR activity combined with heightened RNAi leads to developmental abnormalities.
    • Observed significant alterations in gene expression, indicative of an aberrant antiviral response.

    Conclusions:

    • ADAR-mediated editing of cellular dsRNA acts as a crucial safeguard against host RNA silencing.
    • This editing mechanism prevents the inadvertent activation of antiviral defense pathways.
    • ADARs play a vital role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by modulating RNA stability and gene expression.