Corpus callosum infarction with cognitive dysfunction: two case reports and literature review

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Neuroimaging
• Cognitive Science

Background:

• Corpus callosum infarction is a rare cause of neurological deficits.
• Sudden cognitive dysfunction secondary to corpus callosum infarction is exceptionally uncommon.
• This study focuses on the rare occurrence of acute corpus callosum infarction presenting with abrupt cognitive impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report two cases of acute corpus callosum infarction with sudden cognitive impairment.
• To review the etiology, clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies for corpus callosum infarction.
• To enhance clinical understanding and diagnostic classification of cerebral infarction involving the corpus callosum.

Main Methods:

• Case report of two patients presenting with acute cognitive decline.
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to confirm corpus callosum infarction.
• Review of existing literature on corpus callosum infarction and cognitive dysfunction.

Main Results:

• Both patients exhibited sudden, severe memory impairment and spatial disorientation.
• Cognitive function scores were markedly reduced in affected individuals.
• MRI confirmed the presence of corpus callosum infarction in both cases.
• Therapeutic interventions led to significant symptomatic improvement.

Conclusions:

• Acute corpus callosum infarction can manifest as sudden cognitive impairment.
• This case series and literature review aid in the differential diagnosis of cerebral infarction.
• Improved understanding of corpus callosum infarction is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.