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Published on: November 22, 2019
Active explorers show low learning performance in a social insect.
Eve Udino1, Margot Perez1, Claudio Carere1
1Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Ethology, University Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 93430, Villetaneuse France.
Animal personalities, consistent individual differences in behavior, were linked to learning in carpenter ants. More exploratory ants learned slower, suggesting personality impacts cognitive performance and colony success in social insects.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral biology
- Cognitive ethology
- Insect behavior
Background:
- Animal personalities, or consistent individual differences, are increasingly studied for their ecological relevance.
- Social insects exhibit behavioral variability at both individual and colony levels, with known learning capabilities.
- Risk-reward trade-offs may link personality traits to cognitive performance variations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between personality traits and learning performance in the carpenter ant, *Camponotus aethiops*.
- To determine if individual behavioral differences predict cognitive abilities in a eusocial insect model.
Main Methods:
- Assessed personality traits (exploratory activity, sociability, aggression) in ant foragers twice for repeatability.
- Quantified learning abilities using differential conditioning of the maxilla-labium extension response.
- Analyzed the correlation between assessed personality traits and learning performance.
Main Results:
- Individual ants displayed consistent differences in behavior, with exploratory activity positively correlating with aggression.
- Exploratory activity significantly predicted learning performance in *Camponotus aethiops*.
- 'Active-explorers' demonstrated slower learning compared to 'inactive-explorers'.
Conclusions:
- This study provides the first evidence linking a personality trait to cognitive performance in eusocial insects.
- Individual behavioral variability, specifically exploratory activity, influences learning speed.
- These findings suggest that animal personalities may impact overall colony performance and success.
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