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Measurement of the Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient and Transjugular Liver Biopsy
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[Hepatitis A in Iceland].

Hallfridur Kristinsdóttir1, Arthur Löve2, Einar Stefan Bjornsson3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland.

Laeknabladid
|March 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is rare in Iceland, with most cases linked to recent international travel. Testing for HAV is recommended for patients with jaundice, fever, and nausea, as the virus is not endemic to the region.

Keywords:
epidemiologyIcelandhepatitis Aliver testsprognosisviral hepatitis

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hepatitis A virus (HAV) caused epidemics in Iceland historically, with low incidence reported since the mid-20th century.
  • Previous studies around 1990 indicated declining HAV infection rates and antibody prevalence in Iceland.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and clinical presentation of HAV infections in Iceland.
  • To investigate the origin of HAV cases, differentiating between domestic and international transmission routes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of positive anti-HAV IgM test results from 2006-2016 at the National University Hospital of Iceland.
  • Collection of clinical data including symptoms, blood test results, and transmission routes from patient medical records.

Main Results:

  • 12 individuals diagnosed with acute hepatitis A over 11 years; 75% had recent international travel.
  • Common symptoms included jaundice (83%), fever (67%), and nausea/vomiting (58%); 50% were hospitalized.
  • Elevated INR/PT observed in 42%; all patients recovered without complications.

Conclusions:

  • Approximately one acute hepatitis A case diagnosed annually in Iceland, with most cases linked to travel abroad.
  • HAV is not endemic in Iceland, indicating imported infections are the primary concern.
  • Testing for HAV is advised for patients presenting with jaundice, fever, and nausea.