Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Digestive Functions of the Large Intestine01:20

Digestive Functions of the Large Intestine

2.4K
The large intestine is where the final stages of digestion happen. When the cecum receives chyme, it contains undigested carbohydrates that undergo fermentation. Gut bacteria ferment these carbohydrates to produce short-chain fatty acids that provide some energy and help synthesize essential vitamins.
As the chyme moves to the colon, it triggers two characteristic sluggish contractions - haustral churning and mass peristalsis. Haustral churning involves the rhythmic contraction and relaxation...
2.4K
Role of Affect in Interpersonal Attraction01:24

Role of Affect in Interpersonal Attraction

239
Affect plays a crucial role in shaping interpersonal evaluations and perceptions. Emotions influence how individuals judge and respond to others, often determining whether interactions are viewed positively or negatively. This effect can manifest directly through interactions with the person in question or indirectly via associations with unrelated emotional experiences.Direct Effects of Affect on AttractionAffect directly influences interpersonal attraction when a person’s behavior...
239
The Influence of Affect on Cognition01:29

The Influence of Affect on Cognition

305
Positive affect significantly influences cognitive processes, including evaluation, memory, creativity, and social judgments. Compared to negative affect, positive emotional states promote more favorable interpretations of stimuli, cognitive flexibility, and heuristic processing. These effects highlight emotions' powerful role in shaping how individuals perceive, remember, and interact with the world.Influence on Evaluation and AttributionWhen individuals experience positive affect, they are...
305
The Influence of Cognition on Affect01:29

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

232
Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
232
Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

Anatomy of the Intestines

87.9K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
87.9K
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

7.7K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
7.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An extract from amazonian fruit, camu-camu (<i>Myrciaria dubia</i>), attenuates DSS-induced gut-liver axis alterations by improving intestinal morphology and barrier-related gene expression and reducing hepatic histological damage and oxidative stress <i>in ovo</i> (<i>Gallus gallus</i>).

The British journal of nutrition·2026
Same author

Jabuticaba (Plinia cauliflora) as a Source of Bioactive Phenolics: Extraction and Microencapsulation by Spray Drying.

Journal of food science·2026
Same author

Dietary grape pomace mitigates high-NSP-induced inflammation and production loss via microbiome-SCFA-immune mediated pathways.

NPJ biofilms and microbiomes·2026
Same author

Jabuticaba (<i>Myrciaria cauliflora</i>) Modulates Intestinal Inflammation, Liver Homeostasis, and Brain Gene Expression Along the Gut-Liver-Brain Axis in a DSS-Induced In Vivo Model.

Nutrients·2026
Same author

Impact of anthocyanin-rich fruits on the modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress in the gut-liver axis: a systematic review of <i>in vivo</i> studies.

Critical reviews in food science and nutrition·2025
Same author

Black Cricket (Gryllus assimilis) Flour, Alone or Combined With Soybean Flour, Enhances Protein Digestibility, Metabolic Health, and Gut Integrity in Wistar Rats.

Journal of food science·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes
06:01

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.1K

ZnO nanoparticles affect intestinal function in an in vitro model.

Fabiola Moreno-Olivas1, Elad Tako2, Gretchen J Mahler1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA. gmahler@binghamton.edu.

Food & Function
|March 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) in food packaging may be ingested, impacting intestinal function. Studies show ZnO NP exposure significantly decreased iron and glucose transport in an in vitro intestinal model.

More Related Videos

Recapitulating Suckling-to-Weaning Transition In Vitro using Fetal Intestinal Organoids
08:15

Recapitulating Suckling-to-Weaning Transition In Vitro using Fetal Intestinal Organoids

Published on: November 15, 2019

6.5K
Organoid-Derived Epithelial Monolayer: A Clinically Relevant In Vitro Model for Intestinal Barrier Function
09:40

Organoid-Derived Epithelial Monolayer: A Clinically Relevant In Vitro Model for Intestinal Barrier Function

Published on: July 29, 2021

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes
06:01

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.1K
Recapitulating Suckling-to-Weaning Transition In Vitro using Fetal Intestinal Organoids
08:15

Recapitulating Suckling-to-Weaning Transition In Vitro using Fetal Intestinal Organoids

Published on: November 15, 2019

6.5K
Organoid-Derived Epithelial Monolayer: A Clinically Relevant In Vitro Model for Intestinal Barrier Function
09:40

Organoid-Derived Epithelial Monolayer: A Clinically Relevant In Vitro Model for Intestinal Barrier Function

Published on: July 29, 2021

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Food Science
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) are used in food packaging, raising concerns about consumer exposure.
  • Limited data exists on ZnO NP levels in food packaging and their effects on intestinal health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess zinc (Zn) levels in common foods packaged with ZnO NP.
  • To investigate the impact of ZnO NP exposure on an in vitro model of the human small intestine.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed Zn content in tuna, corn, and asparagus using ICP-MS.
  • Exposed Caco-2 and HT29-MTX intestinal cells to ZnO NP (pristine and digested).
  • Measured nutrient transport (Fe, Zn, glucose, fatty acids) and intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) levels.

Main Results:

  • Zn levels in analyzed foods exceeded the recommended dietary allowance by approximately 100 times.
  • ZnO NP exposure reduced iron transport by 75% and glucose transport by 30%.
  • Observed alterations in intestinal cell microvilli, reducing nutrient absorption surface area.

Conclusions:

  • Physiologically relevant doses of ZnO NP can negatively alter human small intestine function.
  • ZnO NP ingestion may impair nutrient absorption due to decreased transport and surface area.